Ngomhla wesi-2 kuJulayi, i-2021, uMyalelo wePlastiki eSebenzisa olunye waqalisa ukusebenza kwi-European Union (EU).Lo myalelo uvala iiplastiki ezithile ezisetyenziswa kanye apho ezinye zikhoyo."Imveliso yeplastiki esetyenziselwa enye into" ichazwa njengemveliso eyenziwe ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye yeplastiki kwaye ayikhawulwanga, iyilwe, okanye ibekwe kwimarike ukuba isetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi ngenjongo enye.IKhomishini yaseYurophu iye yapapasha izikhokelo, kuquka imizekelo, yento eza kuthathwa njengemveliso yeplastiki yokusetyenziswa kanye.(Ubugcisa bomyalelo. 12.)
Kwezinye izinto zeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye into, amazwe angamalungu e-EU kufuneka anciphise ukusetyenziswa kwawo ngokwemiqathango yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwelizwe, injongo eyahlukileyo yokuhlaziya iibhotile zeplastiki, iimfuno zokuyila iibhotile zeplastiki, kunye neelebhile ezinyanzelekileyo zeemveliso zeplastiki ukwazisa abathengi.Ukongeza, lo myalelo wandisa uxanduva lomvelisi, oku kuthetha ukuba abavelisi kuya kufuneka bahlawule iindleko zolawulo lwenkunkuma, ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, kunye nokwazisa ngeemveliso ezithile.Amazwe angamalungu e-EU kufuneka asebenzise amanyathelo ngoJulayi 3, 2021, ngaphandle kweemfuno zoyilo lwemveliso yeebhotile, eziza kusebenza ukususela ngoJulayi 3, 2024. (Ubugcisa be-17.)
Lo myalelo usebenzisa isicwangciso seplastiki se-EU kwaye ujonge “ukukhuthaza inguqulelo [ye-EU] kuqoqosho olujikelezayo.”(Ubugcisa. 1.)
Umxholo woMyalelo kwiPlastiki eSebenzisa olunye
Ukuvalwa kweMarike
Izithintelo zomyalelo zenza ezi plastikhi zisetyenziswa-nye zifumaneke kwimakethi ye-EU:
❋ izinti zomqhaphu
❋ izinto zokusika (iifolokhwe, iimela, amacephe, izinti)
❋ iipleyiti
❋ iindiza
❋ iziqhumiso zesiselo
❋ izinti ekufuneka zincanyatheliswe kunye nokuxhasa iibhaluni
❋ izikhongozeli zokutya ezenziwe ngepolystyrene eyandisiweyo
❋ izikhongozeli zesiselo ezenziwe ngepolystyrene eyandisiweyo, kuquka iminqwazi kunye neziciko zazo
❋ iikomityi zeziselo ezenziwe ngepolystyrene eyandisiweyo, kubandakanywa izigqubuthelo kunye neziciko
❋ iimveliso ezenziwe ngeplastiki enokonakala nge-oxo.(Ubugcisa 5 ngokudibanisa nesihlomelo, inxalenye B.)
Amanyathelo okuNcitshiswa kokuSetyenziswa kweSizwe
Amazwe angamalungu e-EU kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki ezithile ezisetyenziswa kanye ekungekho ndlela yimbi yazo.Amazwe angamalungu kufuneka angenise inkcazo yamanyathelo kwiKhomishini yaseYurophu kwaye enze ukuba ifumaneke esidlangalaleni.Amanyathelo anjalo asenokuquka ukumisela usukelo lwesizwe lokunciphisa, ukubonelela ngeendlela ezizezinye ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwindawo yokuthengisa kubathengi, okanye ukubiza imali kwiimveliso zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kuphela.Amazwe angamalungu e-EU kufuneka afezekise "ukunciphisa amabhongo kunye nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo" ekusetyenzisweni kwezi ziplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye "ekhokelela ekuguqulweni okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kokunyusa" ngo-2026. Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokunciphisa inkqubela kufuneka kubekwe iliso kwaye kuxelwe kwiKhomishini yaseYurophu.(Ubugcisa. 4.)
Ukwahlula kwiiThagethi zokuQokelelwa kunye neeMfuno zoYilo lweebhotile zePlastiki
Ngo-2025, i-77% yeebhotile zeplastiki ezibekwe emarikeni kufuneka zihlaziywe.Ngo-2029, isixa esilingana ne-90% kufuneka sihlaziywe.Ukongeza, iimfuno zokuyila iibhotile zeplastiki ziya kuphunyezwa: ngo-2025, iibhotile ze-PET kufuneka zibe ne-25% ubuncinane yeplastiki ehlaziyiweyo xa kuveliswa.Eli nani linyukela kuma-30% ngo-2030 kuzo zonke iibhotile.(Ubugcisa 6, isiqendu 5; ubugcisa 9.)
Ukuleyibhile
Iitawuli zococeko (iiphedi), iitamponi nezinto zokufaka iitamponi, izinto zosula ezimanzi, iimveliso zecuba ezinezihluzo, neekomityi zokusela zimele zibe nombhalo “ocacileyo, ofundeka ngokucacileyo nongenakucimeka” kwipakethe okanye kwimveliso ngokwayo.Ileyibhile kufuneka yazise abathengi ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula inkunkuma kwimveliso okanye iindlela zokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ekufuneka ziphetshwe, kunye nobukho beeplastiki kwimveliso kunye nefuthe elibi lokulahla inkunkuma.(Ubugcisa 7, isitanza. 1 ngokudibanisa nesihlomelo, inxalenye D.)
Uxanduva olwandisiweyo loMvelisi
Abavelisi kufuneka bahlawule iindleko zamanyathelo okunyusa ulwazi, ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma, ukucocwa kwenkunkuma, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nokunika ingxelo malunga nezi mveliso zilandelayo:
❋ izitya zokutya
❋ iipakethi kunye nezisongelo ezenziwe ngemathiriyeli ebhetyebhetye
❋ izikhongozeli zesiselo ezinomthamo ukuya kutsho kwiilitha ezi-3
❋ iikomityi zeziselo, kuquka izigqubuthelo kunye neziciko
❋ iingxowa zokuthwala zeplastiki ezikhaphukhaphu
❋ iimveliso zecuba ezinezihluzo
❋ zosula ezimanzi
❋ iibhaluni (uBugcisa 8, isitanza. 2, 3 ngokudibanisa nesihlomelo, inxalenye E.)
Nangona kunjalo, akukho endleko zokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka zikhuselwe ngokumalunga nezinto zokusula ezimanzi kunye neebhaluni.
Ukunyuswa koLwazi
Lo myalelo ufuna ukuba amazwe angamalungu e-EU akhuthaze ukuziphatha kakuhle kwabathengi kwaye axelele abathengi ngezinye iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona, kunye neempembelelo zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nokunye okungafanelekanga kokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kokusingqongileyo kunye nothungelwano lombhobho.(Ubugcisa. 10.)
umthombo we-URL:https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2021-07-18/european-union-ban-on-single-use-plastics-takes-effect/
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-21-2021